Objectives: The primary objectives of this comparative analysis are to evaluate the effectiveness of:
1. Delivering 300 shots in a single session on one side of the face versus 100 shots per session for three sessions with one-month intervals on the contralateral side
2. Two delivering methods – gliding and stamping
3. Two different mode of treatment - Standard and Comfort
4. Combining High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound HIFU/Microfocused Ultrasound MFU treatment with monopolar RF, both on the same day and in separate settings with a one-month interval.

Introduction: With the growing popularity of non-invasive skin rejuvenation procedures, monopolar radiofrequency (RF) treatment has emerged as a promising modality for skin lifting and tightening. This study aims to contribute to the existing knowledge by conducting a split-face investigation into the impact of varying treatment parameters on the efficacy and safety of monopolar RF.

Materials / method: A rigorous split-face study design was employed, with each participant undergoing different treatments on opposing sides of the face. Parameters such as the number of shots per session, delivery method (gliding vs. stamping), energy levels, and mode of operation (Standard vs. Comfort) were systematically varied and evaluated.

Results: Evaluation was carried out by 6 blinded assessors, comprising 3 aesthetic doctors and 3 non-doctors. The Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) Score was utilized to assess the outcomes. Objective measures included 2D photographs taken with an iPhone camera and 3D photos captured using LifeViz Quantificare, patient-reported subjective satisfaction scores, and monitoring of adverse events and side effects throughout the study period.

Conclusion: This comprehensive comparative analysis utilizes diverse evaluation methods, providing a thorough understanding of the nuanced factors influencing the effectiveness and safety of monopolar RF treatment. These findings offer valuable guidance for clinicians and practitioners in optimizing treatment protocol for non-invasive skin rejuvenation.

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Objectives: To review the efficacy and safety of microneedle radiofrequency fractional (MNRF) technology in the management of atrophic scars and striae

Introduction: Microneedle radiofrequency fractional (MNRF) has been found to be very effective in reducing both atrophic acne scars and open pores. Unlike lasers, MNRF improves skin texture by producing heat through tissue impedance by generating a flow of electrons in an electromagnetic field. Since the impedance of the dermis is lower (due to the higher water content) than epidermis, the flow of current is greater in the dermal tissue leading to formation of a larger coagulative thermal zone as compared to the epidermis

Materials / method: Fractionated radiofrequency creates a thermal injury zone that is pyramidal in shape unlike the conical thermal damage induced by ablative lasers. MNRF improves scars by delivering bipolar RF through a smooth electronically controlled insertion of insulated or Non insulated microneedles which can penetrate different depths of the dermis & create radiofrequency thermal zones (RFTZ) without causing epidermal injury. In addition, microneedles result in mechanical disruption of fibrotic strands responsible for causing the downward traction of atrophic scars.

Results: The needles can be insulated or non-insulated. Insulated needles use insulation to cover the entire length of the needle, leaving only a small part of the tip conductive. Multiple passes are needed for treatment and there may be a tendency for micro bruising due to absence of coagulation along the length of the needle. Non-insulated microneedle RF takes advantage of the impedance difference between the epidermis and dermis. RF flows through all dermal layers at one time leading to a faster heating of the upper and lower dermis without any epidermal damage.

Conclusion: MNRF usually requires 4-6 sessions for optimal results, with minimal adverse effects such as pain, erythema, oedema and spot bleeding. Pain is significantly lower as compared to ablative fractional lasers. Pain can be reduced by performing the passes quickly in order to reduce treatment time. The occurrence of scarring or pigmentary complications after treatment in the darker skin types is extremely rare as radiofrequency is a color-blind technology. Considering its efficacy and safety in type 3-5 skin, MNRF can be used as a first line treatment in all types of acne scars.

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Objectives: It's very important to understand the mechanism of monopolar + bipolar technology to maximize the synergy effect for facial rejuvenation.

Introduction: Capacitive coupling monopolar radiofrequency (RF) devices have been widely used for the past approximately 20 years for skin tightening treatment for sagging skin.

Materials / method: Capacitive coupling RF selectively delivers heat to the dermis and subcutaneous focusing on fibrous tissues, which triggers a wound healing process and expects clinical effect through three-dimensional tissue restructuring.
Its clinical outcome has been highly evaluated in Japan by its strong and long-lasting efficacy.
In recent years, several Capacitive coupling RF devices have been launched onto the market. And now new technology develop that irradiates monopolar and bipolar continuously from the same electrode.

Conclusion: The unique structure of capacitive coupling enables a deeper approach to the skin layer than conventional bipolar, and is expected to improve skin quality in addition to providing an immediate tightening effect.
By irradiating these two types of radiofrequency waves simultaneously, the immediate primary contraction effect of bipolar and the subsequent secondary contraction can be obtained, in addition to the medium- to long-term skin and subcutaneous tightening effect of the conventional monopolar occur.

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请注明名称（个人，公司，学会等等）: Jeisys

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