Objectives: To verify porcine placental extracts (Pla-Ext.)'s effects on human skin aging, we investigated its reactions to Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) and its ability to resist damage when stress is applied. At this time, we compared the following items: the effects of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived Exosome (hMSC-Exo.) alone; the combined effect of Pla-Ext. and hMSC-Exo.; the effects of Pla-Ext added-hMSC-derived Exosomes (Pla/MSC-Exo.) recovered from the culture medium. This study aims to explore Pla-Ext.'s action area, mechanism, and its anti-aging effects on human skin.
Introduction: In Japan, the human placenta pharmaceutical is a pharmaceutical, and it has been improved as an injection medicine from the burying therapy of the tissue, and liver function improvement, etc. are certified as an indication. Porcine and equine placental preparations also exist as cosmetics and supplements. However, from a pure scientific perspective, materials with such multi-biological activities are extremely rare. There are many Pla-Ext.’s cosmetics that are applied to the skin, which have been largely well received, but the extent of efficacy and mechanism of action have not been clarified.
Materials / method: hMSC-derived Exosomes were collected from a medium where hMSCs were cultured with P-Ext. The following were considered: 1. Effect on normal HDF; 2. Verification of HDF resistance to photoaging stimulation (UV); 3. Verification of HDFs under glycative stress (AGE); 4. Verification of HDF resistance to oxidative stress (H2O2) damage; 5. Verification of inhibitory effect on intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in HDFs under the H2O2. Collagen, Elastin, and Hyaluronic acid synthase-mRNA levels were measured when these stresses were added to HDF.
Results: 1. Five additive substances did not stimulate HDF, and cell proliferation was highest in Pla-Ext.
2. UV increased Elastin and Hyaluronic acid synthase other than collagen. Pla-Ext. increased Collagen, while the others reduced it. hMSC-Exo. also showed damage resistance to Elastin and Hyaluronic acid synthase. Pla/MSC-Exo. showed resistance to all parameters.
3. AGE reduced all parameters, while both Pla-Ext. and Pla/MSC-Exo. increased them.
4. H2O2 reduced all parameters. Pla-Ext. and Pla-Ext.+hMSC-Exo. mitigated Collagen damage.
5. ROS accumulated due to H2O2 stress. Pla-Ext. reduced it.
Conclusion: Pla-Ext. was found to have a cell proliferation-promoting effect on normal skin fibroblasts. Pla-Ext. showed resistance to three types of stress (photoaging, glycation stimulation, and hydrogen peroxide stimulation). It was suggested that it acts on processes related to cellular aging. It was also suggested that stimulating hMSCs with Pla-Ext. may cause some changes in the exosomes secreted from them.
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